The natural images response pattern for salt-and-peppers.

**The natural images response pattern for salt-and-peppers**: Due to the restrictions on uploading figures, we have instead provided the data in a tabular format (**table 3**). The latency for salt-and-pepper neurons on boundaries is significantly lower than that for neurons in other areas (P < 0.0001) (Corresponding figure is available in anonymous GitHub repository).

**Table 3: Latency for salt-and-pepper neurons on boundaries and neurons in other areas.** 

| **Salt-and-peppers' neuron type**    | **Mean latency (ms)** | **Standard deviation (ms)** |
|---------------------------------------------|----------------------------|-----------------------------------|
| Neurons on boundaries                        | **2.832**                        | 2.998                                         |
| Neurons in other areas                         | 5.137                               | 4.626                                          |

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